fruitПлодоводствоFruit Growing0134-9759Институт плодоводстваfruit-306Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСостояние и развитие садоводства в области Италии Эмилия-Романья (обзор)Status and development of horticulture in Italy, Emilia-Romagna (review)КозловскаяЗ. А.KozlovskayaZ. A.

ул. Ковалева, 2, аг. Самохваловичи, Минский район, 223013, Беларусь

zoya-kozlovskaya@tut.byРУП «Институт плодоводства»Belarus201603052022281425449Copyright © Козловская З.А., 20222022Козловская З.А.Kozlovskaya Z.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fruit.belal.by/jour/article/view/306

В течение многих лет садоводческие компании области Emilia-Romagno (ЭмилияРоманья, Италия) лидируют в производстве всех фруктов и овощей в Италии и Европе, обладают богатством опыта и профессионализма, предлагают посадочный материал десятков инновационных сортов в сопровождении с качественной технической поддержкой по всему миру.

Высокоразвитое плодоводство в Италии обусловлено, вне сомнений, благоприятным климатом для разведения практически всех плодовых культур, многовековыми садоводческими традициями и научным обеспечением на самом высоком уровне.

Большая заинтересованность производителей фруктов в высоком качестве продукции является основой взаимовыгодного сотрудничества с государственными и частными научными учреждениями не только Италии, но и всего мира. Использование современных сортов широкого сортимента культур, разработка и применение новых технологических приемов в агротехнике сада, оснащение самыми разнообразными техническими средствами позволяет садоводам Италии производить продукцию высокого качества и импортировать её в страны по всему миру.

Все больше закладываются насаждения ранее малораспространенными культурами – киви, каштан, хурма, гранат и др., обновляется сортимент и технологии традиционных для Италии плодовых культур – абрикос, персик, нектарин, слива, орех грецкий и виноград столовый.

В обзорной статье представлены используемые современные сорта и подвои плодовых культур, технологические приемы и системы сада.

For many years horticultural companies of Emilia-Romagna (Italy) are leading in production of fruit and vegetables in Italy and Europe, have a wealth of experience and professionalism, offering plant material of innovative varieties accompanied by a high-quality technical support worldwide.

In Italy fruit growing is well developed undoubtedly due to favorable climate for cultivation of almost all fruit crops, a centuries-old tradition of horticultural and scientific support at the highest level. Great interest of fruit producers in high quality products is the basis of mutually beneficial cooperation with public and private research institutions, not only in Italy but all over the world. The usage of modern varieties of a wide range of cultures, development and application of new technological methods of farming practices in the orchards, equipped with the most diverse technical means allows growers to produce high quality Italian products, and import it into the countries all over the world.

Currently the crops had been minor before are planting more: kiwi, chestnut, persimmon, pomegranate, etc., technology and assortment of traditional Italian fruit crops – apricot, peach, nectarine, plum, walnut and table grape are updated.

The review article presents used modern varieties and rootstocks of fruit crops, processing methods and system of orchards.

плодоводствосортаподвоитехнологиинаучные исследованияИталияfruitvarietiesrootstockstechnologyresearchItalyReferencesUniversità di Bologna / Болонский университет [Electronic resource]. – 2016. – Mode of access: http://www.unibo.it/en. – Date of access: 27.03.2016.Università di Bologna / Болонский университет [Electronic resource]. – 2016. – Mode of access: http://www.unibo.it/en. – Date of access: 27.03.2016.Selecting with markers linked to the PPVres major QTL is not sufficient to predict resistance to Plum Pox Virus (PPV) in apricot / S. Decroocq [et al.] // Tree Genetics & Genomes. – 2014. – No 10. – P. 1161–1170.Selecting with markers linked to the PPVres major QTL is not sufficient to predict resistance to Plum Pox Virus (PPV) in apricot / S. Decroocq [et al.] // Tree Genetics & Genomes. – 2014. – No 10. – P. 1161–1170.Fine-mapping of the apple scab resistance locus Rvi12 (Vb) derived from ‘Hansen’s baccata #2’/ S. Padmarasu [et al.] // Molecular Breeding. – 2014. – No 34. – P. 2119–2129.Fine-mapping of the apple scab resistance locus Rvi12 (Vb) derived from ‘Hansen’s baccata #2’/ S. Padmarasu [et al.] // Molecular Breeding. – 2014. – No 34. – P. 2119–2129.Dondini, L. Dal sequenziamento dei genomi all’identificazione di geni che determinano o controllano caratteri importanti della qualità dei frutti: risultati e prospettive / L. Dondini & S. Tartarini // Italus Hortus. – 2014. – No 21. – P. 1–14.Dondini, L. Dal sequenziamento dei genomi all’identificazione di geni che determinano o controllano caratteri importanti della qualità dei frutti: risultati e prospettive / L. Dondini & S. Tartarini // Italus Hortus. – 2014. – No 21. – P. 1–14.Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Construction of a Core Collection of Apple Cultivars from Italian Germplasm / Wei Liang [et al.] // Plant Molecular Biology Reporter. – 2015. – No 33. – P. 458–473.Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Construction of a Core Collection of Apple Cultivars from Italian Germplasm / Wei Liang [et al.] // Plant Molecular Biology Reporter. – 2015. – No 33. – P. 458–473.Fine mapping of the Rvi5 (Vm) apple scab resistance locus in the ‘Murray’ apple genotype / V. Cova [et al.] // Molecular Breeding. – 2015. – No 35. – P. 1–12.Fine mapping of the Rvi5 (Vm) apple scab resistance locus in the ‘Murray’ apple genotype / V. Cova [et al.] // Molecular Breeding. – 2015. – No 35. – P. 1–12.Allergen Expression in Control and Transgenic Apple Plants / R. Paris [et al.] // Acta Horticulturae. – Leuven: ISHS, 2012. – No 929. – P. 135–142.Allergen Expression in Control and Transgenic Apple Plants / R. Paris [et al.] // Acta Horticulturae. – Leuven: ISHS, 2012. – No 929. – P. 135–142.Sansavini, S. Miglioramento genetico e ricerca biotecnologica per il rinno-vamento varietale / S. Sansavini, D. Bassi, R. Testolin // Nuove frontiere dell'arboricoltura italiana. – Bologna: Alberto Perdisa, 2007. – No. 303–338.Sansavini, S. Miglioramento genetico e ricerca biotecnologica per il rinno-vamento varietale / S. Sansavini, D. Bassi, R. Testolin // Nuove frontiere dell'arboricoltura italiana. – Bologna: Alberto Perdisa, 2007. – No. 303–338.Vivai F.LII Zanzi e C.s.s.Societa Agricola (Italy) [Electronic resource]. – 2016. – Mode of access: http://www.vivaizanzi.it. – Date of access: 12.03.2016.Vivai F.LII Zanzi e C.s.s.Societa Agricola (Italy) [Electronic resource]. – 2016. – Mode of access: http://www.vivaizanzi.it. – Date of access: 12.03.2016.Vivai Piante Battistini Societa Agricola s.s. (Italy) [Electronic resource]. – 2016. – Mode of access: http://www.battistinivivai.com. – Date of access: 20.03.2016.Vivai Piante Battistini Societa Agricola s.s. (Italy) [Electronic resource]. – 2016. – Mode of access: http://www.battistinivivai.com. – Date of access: 20.03.2016.Vivai Mazzoni S.p.A. (Ferrara, Italy) [Electronic resource]. – 2016. – Mode of access: http://www.mazzonigroup.com. – Date of access: 17.03.2016.Vivai Mazzoni S.p.A. (Ferrara, Italy) [Electronic resource]. – 2016. – Mode of access: http://www.mazzonigroup.com. – Date of access: 17.03.2016.Sansavini, S. La situazione brevettuale delle nuove varietà da frutto in Italia e in Europa / S. Sansavini, S. Lugli // Rivista di Frutticoltura e di Ortofloricoltura. – 2007. – No 9. – P. 6–19.Sansavini, S. La situazione brevettuale delle nuove varietà da frutto in Italia e in Europa / S. Sansavini, S. Lugli // Rivista di Frutticoltura e di Ortofloricoltura. – 2007. – No 9. – P. 6–19.Melo. Numerose le varizioni rispetto alle liste 2006 / S. Sansavini [et al.] // Terra е Vita. – 2007. – No 26. – P. 26–40.Melo. Numerose le varizioni rispetto alle liste 2006 / S. Sansavini [et al.] // Terra е Vita. – 2007. – No 26. – P. 26–40.Veličković, M. modern planting systems for apple and pear orchards / M. Veličcković, Č. Oparnica, D. Radivojević // Inovacije u voćarstvu: zbornik radova II Savetonanje, Beograd, 11–12 februar 2009 / Universitet u Beogradu; urednik: D. Milatović. – Beograd, 2009. – P. 57–70.Veličković, M. modern planting systems for apple and pear orchards / M. Veličcković, Č. Oparnica, D. Radivojević // Inovacije u voćarstvu: zbornik radova II Savetonanje, Beograd, 11–12 februar 2009 / Universitet u Beogradu; urednik: D. Milatović. – Beograd, 2009. – P. 57–70.Robinson, T.L. V-shaped apple planting systems / T.L. Robinson // Acta Hort. – 2000. – No 513. – P. 337–347.Robinson, T.L. V-shaped apple planting systems / T.L. Robinson // Acta Hort. – 2000. – No 513. – P. 337–347.Robinson, T.L. A vision for apple orchard systems of the future / T.L. Robinson // New York fruit quarterly. – Vol. 21, No 3. – Fall: 2013. – P. 11–16.Robinson, T.L. A vision for apple orchard systems of the future / T.L. Robinson // New York fruit quarterly. – Vol. 21, No 3. – Fall: 2013. – P. 11–16.Lespinasse, J.M. Apple tree management in vertical axis: appraisal after ten years of experiments / J.M. Lespinasse, J.F. Delort // Acta Hort. – 1986. – No 160. – P. 139–155.Lespinasse, J.M. Apple tree management in vertical axis: appraisal after ten years of experiments / J.M. Lespinasse, J.F. Delort // Acta Hort. – 1986. – No 160. – P. 139–155.The concept centrofugal training in apple aimed at optimizing the relationship between grouth and fruiting / P.E. Lauri [et al.] // Acta Hort. – 2004. – No 636. – P. 35–42.The concept centrofugal training in apple aimed at optimizing the relationship between grouth and fruiting / P.E. Lauri [et al.] // Acta Hort. – 2004. – No 636. – P. 35–42.Pero. Difficile migliorare le caratteristiche delle varietà standard / S. Sansavini [et al.] // Terra е Vita. – 2007. – No 26. – P. 40–47.Pero. Difficile migliorare le caratteristiche delle varietà standard / S. Sansavini [et al.] // Terra е Vita. – 2007. – No 26. – P. 40–47.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.