The influence of meteorological factors on variability of the quantitative characteristics of biochemical composition of Vaccinium angustifolium fruits on the background of treatment by fertilizers in the north of Belarus

The article presents the results of a comparative study of 14 quantitative characteristics of fruits of V. angustifolium, as well as interspecific hybrids (V. angustifolium × V. corymbosum) Northcountry and Northblue in the experimental culture when using complete mineral and microbial fertilizers ‘MaClor’, ‘Agromik’ and ‘Bactopin’ with differential and combined application. The studies were carried out in the recultivated area of open-cut upland peat deposit in the north of Belarus in the seasons 2017 and 2018. It was shown that the dependence level of biochemical composition of V. Angustifolium fruits on meteorological factors was largely determined by the type of fertilizers, plant genotype and chemical nature of organic compounds. At the same time, the integral level of the nutritional and vitamin value of V. angustifolium fruits was characterized by 1.3 times greater resistance to meteorological factors, compared with interspecies hybrids, especially with the Northblue variety, with a significant impact of the tested agricultural methods on the degree of this resistance.

It was established that the application of N16Р16К16, of the liquid preparation ‘Agromik’ and especially of the 50 % solution of the fertilizer ‘MaClor’ contributed to decreasing the dependence of biochemical composition of V. angustifolium fruits on the weather conditions of the vegetation period, compared with the control, whereas the application of dry mycorrhizal fertilizer ‘Agromik’ in combination with the 10 % solution of the preparation ‘MaClor’ or with the preparation ‘Bactopin’, on the contrary, increased this dependence by 1.6 times. The smallest dependence of the nutritive and vitamin values of fruits of the Northcountry variety on the hydrothermal regime of a season was revealed when sharing the preparations ‘Bactopin’ and ‘Agromik’, whereas the highest (with an excess of 2.3 times) – when introducing N16Р16К16. In the Northblue variety, a 1.3–1.7- fold increase in the dependence of biochemical composition of fruits on meteorological factors was revealed against the background of all the tested agricultural methods, especially with the use of ‘MaClor’ fertilizer at a 50 % concentration.

It was shown that among the quantitative indicators of biochemical composition of fruits of all bog whortleberry taxa the content of dry substances and ascorbic acid was the most resistant to the complex effect of weather factors. For V. angustifolium also the content of pectin substances, of both components of the anthocyanin complex, of total amount of P-vitamins and, like for the Northblue variety, of soluble sugars, whereas for both V. angustifolium hybrids – the content of hydroxycinnamic acids, catechins and flavonols was also the most resistant to the complex effect of weather factors. Accordingly, the sugar-acid index of fruits and the content of tannins in them in V. angustifolium, content of leucoanthocyanins in the Northcountry variety, content of actually anthocyanins in the Northblue variety were characterized by the lowest resistance to the hydrothermal regime of a season.

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