Formation of efficiency elements of sweet cherry cultivars of Belarusian breeding on clonal stocks

Abstract

The article presents the results of the researches of 37 variety and stock sweet cherry combinations consisting of 13 variety samples of the Belarusian breeding on clonal stocks VSL-2 and Izmajlovski of the Russian breeding and on the standard seed stock of mazzard cherry. On the basis of the total length of annotinous and perennial branches, various growth vigour of the studied cultivars on different stocks was established. The cultivar Naslazhdeniye and hybrid 17/59 appeared to be poor growing and the cultivars Sopernitsa and Gronkavaya are referred as intensely growing. The study of generative medium structure showed that 60-70 % of May bouquets are concentrated on two- and three-year wood, and only 10 % of them are on four-year ones. The greatest density of May bouquets disposition on perennial branches have the following cultivars: Sopernitsa (8.7-11.8 items per a long meter depending on a stock), Medunitsa (8.4-10.5 items per a long meter), Syubarovskaya (8.1-10.5 items per a long meter) and the hybrid 4/10 (8.5-11.4 8 items per a long meter), and the least one has been marked at the cultivar Gronkavaya (3.4-4.5 items per a long meter) and at the hybrid 17/59 (3.4-4.2 items per a long meter). Clonal stock VSL-2 has made the greatest impact on the given indicator within the cultivars such as Medunitsa, Naslazhdiniye, Syubarovskaya and hybrids 15/112, 15/126 4/10. Meanwhile the stock Izmajlovski influenced in the same way such cultivars as Vityaz‟, Gastinets, Minchanka and Sopernitsa. It was established the ratio 1:1 of flower buds quality on annotinous and perennial branches at the majority of the studied variety and stock combinations. Depending on stock application the variation of the given indicator at the studied cultivars and hybrids of the Belarusian breeding was noted. The cultivar Syubarovskaya has been distinguished among all studied variety and stock combinations. It has the biggest quantity of May bouquets on VSL-2, Izmajlovski and mazzard cherry stocks as well as of flower buds and their density on an annotinous gain on the root stock Izmajlovski.