New apple cultivars of Russian breeding in the conditions of Belarus
Abstract
The paper presents the study results for four apple varieties – Bylina, Uspenskoye, Flagman and Fregat – of Russian breeding on adaptability to the climatic conditions of Belarus. The standard was variety of Belarusian breeding Syabryna (Lobo × Prima) released in 2011. In spring 2008, an experimental apple garden was planted with one-year seedlings on a seed rootstock at 4.0 × 2.0 m scheme. During the most unfavorable winters in 2011/12 (–29.7 °С) and 2015/16 (–23.7 °С) only slight freezing of vascular-conducting tissues for an one-year gain (1.5–2.0 points) was observed, and wood, bark, stem had no damage in the test apple varieties. Winter hardiness and the general condition of the trees were maintained at the level of the standard Syabryna variety. Apple varieties of Russian breeding in the conditions of Belarus showed high resistance to scab (leaf damage – no more than 0.5–0.8 points).
The varieties Bylina, Uspenskoye, Flagman and Frigat were selected as a source of scab resistance, Uspenskoe and Frigate – for high fruit quality. According to the complex of traits: high winter hardiness, yield, scab resistance, regular fruiting and high fruit quality, the apple varieties Uspenskoye and Frigat – which are suitable for cultivation in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus, are selected.
About the Authors
Z. A. Kozlovskaya
РУП «Институт плодоводства»
Belarus
Belarus
S. A. Yarmolich
РУП «Институт плодоводства»
Belarus
Belarus
G. M. Marudo
РУП «Институт плодоводства»
Belarus
Belarus
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Review
For citations:
Kozlovskaya Z.A., Yarmolich S.A., Marudo G.M. New apple cultivars of Russian breeding in the conditions of Belarus. Fruit Growing. 2019;31(1):13-17. (In Russ.)
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